A propaganda eleitoral na perspectiva da Teoria do Discurso de Ernesto Laclau

Abstract

This research aims to demonstrate the discursive construction used by candidates Dilma Rousseff (PT) and Aécio Neves (PSDB), in the second round of the election campaign for President of the Brazilian Republic in the year 2014. His speeches are analyzed under themes such as corruption, economics and or social development. The analytical work was done under theoretical and methodological aspects of the authors Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. The main categories of analysis like antagonism and hegemonic discursive formation are taken to stablish discursive differences between the two candidates in logic and social dimension of political struggle. The empirical data of this research are the speeches of candidates since they were aired on the Free Time of Electoral Propaganda (HGPE in Portuguese) where they treat on those issues. The research highlights the discursive strategy, as well as central categories of discourse analysis extracted from Hegemony and Socialist Strategy work, in line with the theoretical studies and the post-structuralism. The hypothesis guiding this thesis is the claim that the election campaign of 2014 pointed to marked ideological differences, especially on economics, between the candidates of the PT and the PSDB. While the situation discursively defended the effectiveness of government measures in defense and promotion of social development for the generation of income and wealth, the opposition questioned the management and the current government efficiency, since the coalition led by the PSDB defended a speech with generating proposals for development in order to reach the projection of mechanisms in defense of the social dimension.