Mapeamento de caracteres do tegumento da semente de soja e análise in silico dos marcadores microssatélites

Abstract

The use of quality seeds is preponderant to obtain productive success in farming. Several are the factors that influence in the quality of seeds, and among these the flotations can be mentioned in the humidity of seeds and even the use of inadequate techniques in the crop. The coat of soybean seeds is the responsible for the protection of the embryo, therefore, more resistance to you factor that they will take the quality loss, minor will be the damages for the whole productive chain of soybean seeds. The introduction of characters of larger resistance of coat of soybean seed is related to the characteristic of the permeability of coat. Several studies demonstrate to exists soybean genotypes with different permeability characteristics. Based on these information took place the crossing among to cultivate commercial CD202 (yellow and permeable coat) with a lineage TP (black and semi-permeable coat). In the population generated by the crossing, grew this work with the following objectives: i) to Build a genetic map of the coat of soybean seed using markers microssatélites, RAPD and AFLP; ii) to Relate the markers microssatélites used in the construction of the genetic map of the coat of soybean, with the possible proteins codified by the sequences anchored by these markers in the bank of ESTs of the soybean. For the construction of the genetic map of the coat of soybean 600 primers microssatélites, 50 RAPD and 64 AFLP were tested. The markers selected as polimórficos, they were submitted to the analysis of Qui-square and contained in connection groups using the program MapMaker. The alignment among the sequences of the microssatélites with the database of ESTs was made through analyses in silico being used the program BLAST. Of the total of tested markers, they were used in the construction of the map 20 markers microssatélites, 2 RAPD and 11 AFLP, which were efficient in the formation of 13 connection groups. Among the 20 markers selected microssatélites, 4 presented homology with sequences of ESTs deposited in the database of the soybean, and some of these sequences possess indirect relationship with the quality of soybean seeds.