Clonagem de porta-enxertos e produção de mudas de pessegueiro em sistemas de cultivo sem solo

Abstract

The objective of this study to get peach seedlings without soil cultivation system, from of rootstocks cloned through minicutting. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with controlled temperature located in the Didactic Field and Experimental Plant Science Department, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel-RS), in the period from March 2010 to November 2011. Were evaluated variables relating to the rooting percentage of minicutting; the survival of minicutting after transplanting cultivation systems; height (cm); the lateral shoot number; the diameter (mm) at the base, 10 and 15cm; the foliar contents of macronutrients and micronutrients of rootstocks; the index of establishment; the lateral shoot number and the height of the cultivation of grafted Cup. The obtained results demonstrated that in article 3 the rootstock 'Capdeboscq' presented surviving 80% percentage in soilless cultivation system. The system of cultivation without soil improves the self-rooted of peach seedlings development, article 2, in relation to production in packaging. The rootstocks of Okinawa and Flordaguard cultivars, articles 1 and 3, were on average 70% of the index of establishment when grafted 'Maciel' in system of cultivation without soil. The average content of macronutrients presents similar relationship for macronutrients determined by leaf analysis, sampled in peach orchards, producing region of Pelotas. Clonal rootstocks provide greater height of scion grafted, articles 4 and 5. The system of cultivation without soil allows plants to have a rapid development, with reduction of vegetative cycle time, and reduction of the time for the obtaining of seedlings.