Indicadores bio-econômicos na transição da monocultura do arroz para um sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária: um estudo de caso na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

The Crop-Livestock Integration (ILP) has gained space in world production systems, bringing the possibility of a more sustainable agriculture, with the ability to diversify activities combined with lower financial risk. However, economic evaluations of systems under ILP conditions are not commonly found. Thus, the objective of this work was to carry out the analysis of bio-economic indicators in a crop-livestock integration system composed of rice-soybean-livestock, in the southern half of Rio Grande do Sul. The research was carried out at farm, located in the municipality of Rio Grande (RS) and covered the agricultural years of 2017/2018, 2018/2019, 2019/2020, 2020/2021 and 2021/2022. The data referring to the use of the area (hectares) by activity, productivity, inventory turnover, costs, revenues and system profitability were tabulated and underwent a descriptive analysis. The results demonstrate the productivity growth of activities in the same area, in different agricultural years. In addition, revenues also grew throughout the harvests and were more prominent in 2019/2020, 2020/2021 and 2021/2022. The cattle herd and the soybean crop stood out in terms of profitability, and the highest estimated costs were those of the rice crop. The ILP is profitable and productive and justifies its activity. However, more appropriate systems for the technical and economic evaluation of the system as a whole must be improved.