Plantas autoenraizadas e porta-enxertos clonais para o pessegueiro: morfologia de mudas, reação ao déficit hídrico do solo e performance em área com histórico de morte precoce

Abstract

The Peach Tree Short Life is one of the main problems of peach cultivation in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, caused by a set of biotic and abiotic factors that are difficult to solve because of the ignorance of the identity of the rootstocks used. The objective was evaluate the effect of the rootstocks on morphology of the nursery trees, beyond the influence on stem-water potential on Sandy-Loam soil and productive performance on PTSL site when compared to scion cultivars self-rooteds. The Master Thesis is composed of tree chapters, being that in the first, studied the morphology of the nursery trees on two systems (conventional and alternative). In the second was evaluated the stem-water potential in self-rooted trees and on clonal rootstocks. In the third chapter was evaluated the productive response of the Maciel cultivar self-rooted and also on genotypes of Prunus spp. in the role of rootstock, vegetatively propagated. The main results obtained indicate that the rootstock influences on vigor and apical dominance of the nursery trees produced on alternative sytem in citropotes. The stem-water potential of the peach of the cv. BRS-Kampai is influenced by the soil gravimetric umidity. Was not observed dead of no one plant, due to Peach Tree Short Life, until the seven years of the orchard. The cultivars of rootstocks hybrids interspecific showed bottom productive performance compared to rootstocks with total genetic makeup site. The rootstocks - -rooted plants of the cv. Maciel show potential to increase the productive efficiency compared The peach cv. Maciel show graft incompatibility with The adoption of the nursery trees of peach with superior morphological quality and better rootstock better adapted to biotic and abiotic factors related to Peach Tree Short Life are essential strategies to reduce the damage caused by the syndrome, enabling increased productivity of the peach crop on microregion of Pelotas-RS