Síntese de Monoacilgliceróis Através da Glicerólise de Etil Ésteres e Preparo de Fomulações Nanoestruturadas Lipídicas

Abstract

In this work, the synthesis of ethyl esters (biodiesel) was first carried out from the transesterification reaction of linseed oil with ethyl alcohol, according to the TDSP methodology (Transesterification Double Step Process), that is, with the use of basic catalysis followed of acid catalysis, at a temperature of 65 and 80ºC, respectively, obtaining a conversion into ethyl esters of 97%. Then monoacylglycerol was synthesized through glycerolysis of the mixture of ethyl esters. The ideal condition of the reaction showed a conversion to acylglycerols and yield to monoacylglycerol of 98% and 76%, respectively. The preparation of nanostructured formulations using the low energy method was also carried out. The ideal proportion showed droplets with a hydrodynamic radius of 19 nm. Finally, the encapsulation of saturated fatty acids was performed in the nanostructured formulation, prepared in the previous step. A small droplet size was observed with the actives comparable to the droplet size without active compound. The nanostructured formulations with caprylic, capric and lauric fatty acids were evaluated for their antibacterial activity and compared to fatty acids in solution. The encapsulated fatty acids, capric and lauric, showed antibacterial activity and were promising, but no better than the compounds in solution. All the fatty acids tested showed bacteriostatic activity.