Morfogênese floral e produção de cultivares de morangueiro de dias curtos e neutros

Abstract

The strawberry (Fragaria x anannasa Duch.) is considered one of the most important crops in the horticultural sector of Rio Grande do Sul, given its economic and social importance in the systems of family agricultural production. The productivity and quality of the strawberry fruits is greatly influenced by the climatic elements and the practices of the management of the production system. Thus, the physiological and morphological development of each cultivar can vary according to the region in which they are cultivated, mainly in relation to photoperiod factors. The adoption of the technique of cultivation without soil, is an alternative for the producers of this culture, since the system in wood chutes filled with carbonized rice husk, has a low cost, low environmental impact and employing less manpower comparing the closed systems, taking advantage of the nutrient solution with a recirculation system.. The objective of this work was to evaluate the morphological and physiological characteristics of the strawberry of different cultivars of short day and neutral day in closed system of cultivation without soil, produced in Brazil and compared to imported seedlings (Chile and Argentina). The experiment was conducted in a plastic greenhouse belonging to the plant engineering department at Eliseu Maciel College, Federal University of Pelotas, in the cycles 2018 and 2019. The variables analyzed in each experiment were: crown, root and leaf dry mass and leaf area index , solubility, soluble solids and botanical morphology of the flower of the crop. The cultivars used and short day, were Camarosa and Camino Real and neutral day Albion and San Andreas, from different national and imported origins (Argentina and Chile). The substrate used was charcoal rice husk (CAC). The transplantation of the seedlings occurred on May 23, 2018, beginning the harvest on October 10 and ending on February 26, 2019. The results do not point to substantial differences in floral morphology and production related to seedling origin. Regarding the accumulation of reserves in 12 the crown and roots the contents vary between cultivars, however the imported seedlings present higher values than the national ones.