Entrevista familiar: modos de agir dos profissionais da Comissão Intra-Hospitalar de Doação de Órgãos e Tecidos

Abstract

The present study aimed to comprehend modes of action from professionals’ of the in-hospital commission of organ and tissue donation from the interaction with the family during an interview for organ donation. It is a qualitative study from an critical perspective, developed in four Intra Hospital Organ and Tissue Donation Committee of the southern region of Região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Participants were chosen through two kinds of sampling: intentional, used to select the participants that were part of the Intra Hospital Organ and Tissue Donation during the data collection, and then, through the “Snowball” method, so that professionals that were part of the committee and indicated by current participants, totalizing 21 professionals. Data were obtained through a technique se, semistructured interview and non participant observation, with data collection developed between April and August 2018. Interview were recored and transcribed, being complemented with field notes and organized and managed through the Ethnograph V6 software. The study wa approved by a Research Ethics Committee in a public university from the south of Brazil, through feedback nº 1.955.142. Data were submitted to hermeneuticdialectical analysis. As results, two analysis unit emerged: modes of action of health professionals in family approach to donation and difficulties in acting facing the family aproach to donation. As for the modes of action of health professionals, we highlight two types: communicative action, that professionals sought on communicating understaning one with another, In á way that, on contacting the family, some participants stabilised an empathic contact, of support as a way of one’s goal was to take strategic knowledge about the subject even if it is little discussed in society; as for the other action, the strategic, this was used to problem resolution, in which language was loaded of intentions In á way that, when interacting with the family, they sought to influence on acting according to their interest, consenting for donation. As for difficulties on acting facing the approach of family to donation, we highlight the iteraction with the family after communicating the death. The act of informing and clarifying the family generates a disconfort or confrontation for professionals, resulted from conceptions as an individual, that arising from a subjective, objective and social world. Still, we revealed as a barrier on interacting with the family, contradictions experienced by professionals when against to organ donation. It was verified a dicotomization between the subject while a person versus the professional, as it needs to externally develop a function which is disfavorable, which generates blame and responsabilization for consent to donation.