Modos de subjetivação dos profissionais de saúde para o cuidado frente à morte e morrer na atenção domiciliar

Abstract

The aim of this study was to know and anlyze subjetivation modes of health professionals to care facing the process of dying and death in home care. This study was inserted in the poststructuralist strand, having as reference some theoretical notions of Michel Foucault. Participants were 12 health professionals that are part of a home care team in the city of Pelotas linked to the School Hospital/Brazilian Company of Hospital Services. As data collection techniques, participant observation and semi-structured interviews were used. For the analysis of the data the Foucaultian tools were used: Subjectivation, Discourse and Saber-Power. Health professionals use different ways to enter the patients' homes, through strategies for access to the home, as well as access to the bodies of patients. In addition, home care is a modality of attention to (im) productive, but the (im) possibilities for this care model are highlighted, such as the lack of preparation of caregivers and family members to receive the patient in this space and the possibility of offering resources and preference for the home rather than the hospital. In addition, there are several care practices in this space, as well as strategies used by health professionals to maintain the patient at home. From the speeches delivered in this modality of attention, the professionals are constituted and begin to conduct their behaviors, besides establishing relations of know-power with the patients and relatives. Intertwined with this, professionals experience the death of the other at home, making them touched by this experience and subjecting themselves, being able to make modifications in their way of life, as well as in driving conducts in the care of end of life, aiming at the "good death". Thus, the professionals are made up of speeches that cross this mode of care, such as humanization, promotion of quality of life and promotion of "good death", as well as, through the field of knowledge of palliative care and from there, pass to conduct their conduct.