Enraizamento de miniestacas de marmeleiro

Abstract

The production plant quince as rootstock for pear under soilless culture systems was studied by means of three experiments conducted in the greenhouse of the Plant Science Department, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, in Capão do Leão, RS. The first experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of season on rooting of three cultivars of quince for formation of pear rootstock. Cuttings of cultivars BA 29, Quince A and Quince C were subjected to rooting in two seasons, spring and winter, and kept in plastic containers containing sand + vermiculite (1:1). The variables evaluated were survival rate, rooting percentage, number of roots, length of roots and shoots number. It is concluded that the cultivar Quince C has a higher survival rate of cuttings. The spring provides the best results for survival percentage of the shoots, shoot number and length of roots. In the spring cultivars BA 29 and Quince C produced the highest number of roots. The second experiment was carried out to determine the effect of concentrations of butyric acid (IBA) on the rooting of two cultivars of quince for formation of pear rootstock. The cuttings of cultivars BA 29 and Quince A were treated with concentrations of 0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg L-1 IBA and placed in plastic containers containing sand + vermiculite (1:1). The variables evaluated were survival rate, rooting percentage, number of roots, length of roots and shoots number. Minicuttings quince cultivar BA 29 had higher rooting percentage and issued the largest number of roots, regardless of IBA concentration. The highest root length was recorded in the cultivar Quince A. Cuttings of both cultivars propagated in the absence of growth regulators (IBA) had the highest root length. To cultivate BA 29 the highest percentage of survival was observed in the absence of IBA. As for cultivating Quince A, the concentration of 1000 and 2000 mg L-1 IBA increased the survival. The third experiment was designed to evaluate the dynamic rooting two quince cultivars for formation of pear rootstock. During 60 days the cuttings of cultivars BA 29 and Quince A were evaluated weekly to check the optimum time needed for rooting. We evaluated the percentage of cuttings with callus, rooting percentage, number of roots, length of the three longest roots and length of sprouting. In conclusion, it was observed that the cultivars of quince BA 29 and Quince A had a high percentage of cuttings with callus. The highest root length was recorded in the seventh week of cultivation to cultivars BA 29 and Quince A. The Quince A cultivar showed plants with budding greater length in comparison to cultivate BA 29.