Cultivo in vitro de maracujazeiro-amarelo

Abstract

Passion fruit belongs to Passifloraceae family, which includes over 630 species, which most belongs to genus Passiflora and inhabits the tropical and subtropical regions of South America. Passion fruit commercial yards in Brazil have grown over the years and also the demand for quality seedlings. However, it is necessary to find out in tissue culture new alternatives to obtain high quality cloned seedlings quickly. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of gibberellic acid and scarification on seed germination, to evaluate the in vitro multiplication using different concentrations and combinations of 6 - benzylaminopurine and naphthaleneacetic acid, and also different sources and carbohydrate concentrations in vitro cultivation yellow passion fruit. The experiments were conducted at Fruit Trees Propagation Laboratory, Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), from March 2013 to November 2014. On Article 1 were evaluated the percentage of germination and germination speed index, and others articles were evaluated in the average number of leaves, average number of shoots, average shoot length (cm), average number of roots and medium length the largest root (cm). The highest averages for variables analyzed were obtained with seeds scarification using 125 mg.L -¹ and 0 mg.L -¹ GA ³. Seed end scarification provides higher averages for the variables analyzed in P. edulis f. flavicarpa. The immersion of seeds in a solution containing growth regulator GA ³ for 24 hours got not effect on the variables analyzed. Article (2), the absence of regulatory promoted higher length of shoots, the largest root and root number. The concentration of 0.5mg.L -¹ BAP without the addition of NAA in MS medium showed higher number of leaves and the same dose combined with ANA, promoted the highest number of shoots of P. edulis f. flavicarpa on in vitro multiplication. And on Article (3), glucose at a concentration of 88 mM.L -¹ showed the highest averages for number of leaves and shoots. Sucrose added to the concentration of 88 mM.L -¹ showed higher averages for length of shoots, roots and number of roots in explants of yellow passion fruit grown on MS medium.