Dano Mecânico em Sementes de Soja Causado pelo Uso de Graneleiro no Transporte Durante a Colheita

Abstract

The mechanical damage is one of the limiting factors of soybean production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the mechanical damage in soybean seed when using the bulk carrier truck, with discharge by spiral system, as a means of transportation from the harvester to the truck, during harvest. The surveys were conducted in two seed production fields belonged to members of C.Vale Cooperativa Agroindustrial, located in Abelardo Luz - SC. Was monitored the harvest of the seeds of cultivars CD 202 RR and BMX Turbo RR. Samples were collected from seeds harvested at three different times (10:00 a.m, 12:30 p.m and 04:00 p.m) and in three places (in the bulk carrier of the harvester, in the bulk carrier that transport the seeds and in the truck). It was used a completely randomized design, with two factors (place of harvesting in 3 levels and harvest time in 3 levels), with four replications. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. We evaluated the percentage of broken seeds, moisture content, hypochlorite test and standart germination test. It was found that the use of the bulk carrier auxiliary equipment, contribute to an increase in the percentage of broken soybeans, but not interfering directly on their viability; the reduction in seed moisture at harvest results in more immediate mechanical damages; and mechanical damages in soybean seeds are cumulative.