Análise histórica do custo de produção de soja: o fator semente na construção do resultado

Abstract

Agribusiness in Brazil leverages the economy, the main economic crop is soybeans, which every year exceeds the volume of production and the movement of farmers shows that it will continue, but little by expansion into new lands, but by increased productivity. The evolution of productivity achieved in recent decades has much contribution of genetic improvement and quality seed production, which is the most efficient vehicle of adoption of new technologies. In contrast to developments in business management is still small, lack focus on economic and financial management in addition to production management, will still be necessary investments in its application as a management tool for the result. Having high productivity is key to the longevity of properties / companies, but knowing production costs and items that have relevance in its construction is what will make a difference in assertiveness of decisions by farmers. Thus the aim of this work was to analyze the history of soybean production costs with emphasis on understanding of the role of seeds. It was used 32 properties located in Rio Grande do Sul that have soybean crop with the main economic activity and are advised by the company Agros. Historical data were analyzed and conducted detailed survey of the input costs. The results show that: the seed item has a relatively low importance in cost of inputs, when compared to its importance in the construction of productivity; investments in seed by acquiring new cultivars are evidenced in productivity growth, the cost of agrochemicals significantly increased as a result of problems and situation of pests field that existing technologies in seeds does not include; the margins obtained from the soybean, are directly associated with productivity and keeps directly related to the cost of production. This information is fundamental for the farmer to use in his decision-making, and that whenever he needs to reduce production costs, realize that is not in the seed the set point.