Avaliação do efeito antifúngico de fixadores de dentaduras modificados pelo acréscimo de derivados pirazolinicos

Abstract

The use of conventional dentures still appears as the main oral rehabilitation method of total edentulous patients mainly because the economic advantage of this kind of treatment. Despite these prostheses were made for several years, the main complaint about their use remains the lack of retention and stability. In order to improve these characteristics exists in the market products with adhesive properties called denture adhesives. These denture adhesives have a variety of formulations and commercial presentation, but the principle of action summarized in the absorption of the liquid medium, increased viscosity and increased adhesion to the mucosa. There are controversies in the literature about the effect of these denture adhesives in the oral microbiota and the possibility that these promote accumulation of biofilm which in turn cause chronic infections, such as chronic atrophic candidiasis. This work was divided into three articles. Article 1 aimed to evaluate the state of the art and state of the art through systematic review on bank of patents and articles related to denture adhesives. For monitoring the technique and art state, was performed a literature search of studies published between 1960 and 2014 in seven MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Lilacs, IBECS, Cochrane Library, SciELO and Scopus. In addition, the following patent databases were screened: USPTO, EPO, JPO, PTO, Derwent Innovations Index, Questel Orbit and Patentscope. Data were tabulated and analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 2013 software and Questel Orbit. A total of 54 papers and patents 78 were included in the analysis related to bibliographic and technological monitoring. The results showed that the highest number of patents (n = 19) was deposited by Procter & Gamble Company (Cincinnati, Ohio). A total of 54 papers and patents 78 were included in the analysis related to bibliographic and technological monitoring. Furthermore, the most prevalent in vivo studies were performed (n = 30), and the types of adhesives have been most studied cream or powder (n = 14). Recent advances of such materials have been related more to the presentation than for the additional effects of denture adhesives. Article 2 aimed to evaluate a new methodology for the reliable adhesive test of front denture adhesives the variables as a (artificial saliva, natural saliva and distilled water) and method (immersion and wetting). The commercial denture adhesives were modified with the inclusion of antifungals (Pyrazol and nystatin) in three different concentrations in percentages by weight (30%, 3% and 0.3%). To validate the adhesiveness reliable methodology for fixing this was defined using an experimental design with fixed and variable factors. Was used for this purpose universal testing a machine operating with a 100 N load cell and speed of 1 mm / min. The established test method showed that the environment in which the test is performed, artificial saliva, water and natural saliva and the method used, dipping or wetting, was decisive for the outcome of the denture adhesives. It is essential that researchers analyze their methodologies before predicting and say which product is more or less efficient, avoiding misconceptions about them. Article 3 aimed to characterize and evaluate the effect of the addition of an alternative antifungal derived from pyrazoles, in commercial denture adhesives in three different presentations (powder, tape and cream). The antifungal activity was determined by the disk diffusion testing and direct contact. Direct contact test was measured at 1, 4, 8 and 12 hours. The cytotoxic activity was evaluated on mouse fibroblasts (NIH /3T3) using the colorimetric MTT reduction assay. The results showed that the inclusion of antifungals did not affect the adhesion of the denture adhesives (p> 0.05). The disk diffusion test results and demonstrated that direct contact include nystatin and pyrazole in commercial denture adhesives promoted to these antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Adhesives dentures formulated with pyrazol proved similar antifungal those formulated with nystatin. With respect to cytotoxicity, the highest concentration was significantly more cytotoxic (p <0.05), and subsequent concentrations showed low cytotoxicity. The dentures adhesives with pyrazole behaved like nystatin relative cytotoxicity at concentrations of 3% and 0.3%. Considering the limitations of this study, it is concluded that there is possibility of using denture adhesives as delivery system of trade antifungal (Nystatin) or not (pyrazole) and the second concentration (3%) to more efficient, which is independent commercial and less cytotoxic presentation.