Avaliação da biocompatibilidade e análise da alteração de cor dentária induzida por diferentes materiais obturadores de canais radiculares de dentes decíduos

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and discoloration potential of experimental MTA-based endodontic filling material in comparison to zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) cement, Calen paste thickened with zinc oxide, and Vitapex. In the biocompatibility assay, the materials were introduced into polyethylene tubes and implanted into the dorsal subcutaneous tissue of fifteen Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). After 15, 30 and 60 days, the animals were euthanized, the surrounding tubes and tissues were removed and processed for histopathological evaluation. The samples were analyzed for the intensity of the inflammatory response, the thickness of the fibrous capsule, presence of calcification and giant cells. For the analysis of discoloration potential, seventy-five cuboidal enamel-dentin blocks were filled with different endodontic filling materials and sealed with photoactivated glass ionomer cement. Standardized color measurements were performed using a spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade, Vita-Zahnfabrik, Oberding, Germany) and expressed in ?E*00 units at the following intervals: prior to and after placement of the filling and after 1 week,1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 9 months. The results of biocompatibility showed the materials tested, as well as the control, had a lower inflammation severity in 30 and 60 days in relation to 15 days. Likewise, the thickness of fibrous capsule in all groups of materials in 15 days was thick and decreased over time. It was possible to observe the presence of giant cells in all groups, mainly in 15 days. The presence of calcification was observed around implantation sites in all groups, but more frequently in Calen + ZO samples. The findings of discoloration potential exhibited the time had a significant effect on color variation values (?E*00) (p <0.0001).The effect of the materials on color variation (?E*00) was also statistically significant (p = 0.004). Interactions between time and materials demonstrated a significant effect on the values (?E*00) (p <0.0001). The MTA-based experimental material showed the smallest color variation throughout the experimental time (?E*00= 3.02), where as the zinc oxide and eugenol cement (ZOE) showed the highest darkening (?E*00= 5.42) (p = 0.018). ).In conclusion, experimental MTA-based material has satisfactory properties for use as endodontic filling material.