Herdabilidade da massa e do teor de sólidos solúveis de amora-preta (Rubus sp.) e conservação pós-colheita

Abstract

Estimation of genetic parameters play a key role in the improvement on breeding programs because they allow the prediction of the genetic values of the candidates to selection, providing a more reliable process. The objectives of the present study were: a) to evaluate the genetic variation of parents and their F1 progenies and to estimate heritability in the broad and restricted sense of the average fruit mass and soluble solids content; B) characterize the fruit shape of two cultivars and nine selections and their F1 descendants; and c) to evaluate the fruit post-harvest conservation capacity of seven selections and two blackberry cultivars and their indices of marketability. The genotypes studied were from the Embrapa Clima Temperado Improvement Program. The broad sense heritability for average fruit mass (0.79) and soluble solids (0.68) was high, whereas the restricted sense heritability was low for fruit mass (0.05) and medium for soluble solids content (0.47). This demonstrates that the selection efficiency is higher for soluble solids content than for fruit mass. It was observed that the fruit format of the progenies tends to be close to that of the parents. In the post-harvest evaluation, it was possible to conclude that the Black 139, 170 and 276 selections and the BRS Xingu and Tupy cultivars had good conservation after seven days of storage at 4°C, with a marketability index above 85%, which is considered aceptable by the market. It was also observed that the cultivar BRS Xingu is similar to Tupy cultivar in firmness and average mass of fruits and inferior in soluble solids, however, it has a better post harvest conservation.