Evolução como eixo integrador para o Ensino de Biologia: relato de uma Unidade Didática

Abstract

One of the main current problems of teaching is the difficulty of relating knowledge. The discipline of Biology has several contents, such as Microbiology, Zoology and Botany, and it is a challenge to relate the contents within an approach that unifies and give them a logical sense. This dissertation analyzed the use of Evolution as an Integrative Axis of some Biology contents such as Genetics, Ecology and Evolution. To achieve that, a Didactic Unit was created with a set of 5 classes plus a ending task, seeking this integration between these contents within an evolutionary approach. The classes covered the following topics: "Class 1 - Concepts", "Class 2 - Change in Frequency of Alleles, Genotypes and Phenotypes within Populations", "Class 3 - Finches in the Galapagos Islands", "Class 4 - Impacts in the Food web" and "Class 5 - Mutations ". Regarding the methodology aspects, this dissertation had a qualitative approach using a Case Study of the application of the unit. The Didatic Unit was applied with students of the High School's 3rd year and a descriptive analysis of the collected data was performed. The results showed that it is possible to teach the biology contents using evolution as an integrating axis and that this type of approach facilitates the understanding of the contents by the students although still more studies are needed to develop more complete and efficient ways of working evolution as Integrating Axis