Evolução dos processos de registro e de proteção de cultivares no Brasil

Abstract

The Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply has established mechanisms for the organization and operation of a system of Cultivar National Register, with the purpose of enabling seed production, processing and marketing of new and better cultivar in the country. Its importance is due to the condition of being an instrument of ordering the market that aims to protect the farmer from the indiscriminate sale of seeds and seedlings of cultivars not tested or validated against the conditions of Brazilian agriculture. The Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply also created the National Service of Cultivars Protection, to which it attributed the competence for the protection of cultivars in the country, whose protection grants to the breeder rights of exclusive use of the new cultivar for a determined time. In order to correlate the number of cultivars protected according to the peculiarities of each of the species, considering the profile of the breeder, the study addressed the most representative species, such as soybean, corn, and beans. Thus, the materials protected by 2010 were divided into groups, forestry, forage, fruit, large crops and ornamentals. Analyzing the results, it is verified that Brazil has a robust seed program with a legal platform that contemplates the protection of cultivars that in the 14 years of the beginning of protection, already has more than 1600 certificates of protection issued. Highlight the soybean crop with more than 700 certificates. In terms of breeders they reached more than 230, 30% of which are foreign, 40% are private nationals and 30% are public.