Custo variável direto de sementes tratadas na produção de soja

Abstract

Due to the economic importance of the crop, the production of soybean seeds (Glycine max) is the subject of intense research activity directed to genetic improvement, biotechnology and forms of seed treatment. The accelerated diffusion of technologies and organized production techniques demands effectiveness and efficiency from the whole soybean sector in the control of production costs. Thus, it is necessary to know the representativeness that each input or service has over each productive phase. In this context, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the percentage influence of the acquisition of certified and treated soybean seeds on the direct variable cost of summer soybean production in the region that C.Vale Cooperativa Agroindustrial operates, in the State of Paraná-Brazil. Production costs were analyzed aiming to obtain high productivity. For the analysis, the direct variable cost of the production of the crop was divided into four groups (Seeds + Treatment, Agrochemicals, Fertilizers, and Services). The evaluation comprises the harvests from 2006/07 to 2016/17. During this period, the adoption of different biotechnologies used by producers, the main seed-producing enterprises, and the types (on farm and industrial) and products used in the seed treatment were analyzed. In addition to the dynamic of the reconfiguration of soybean seed companies in Brazil, there is a percentage increase in the acquisition of treated soybeans seeds in the direct variable cost of soybean crop production, tending towards a stabilization in the last harvests. This evolution on the percentage cost of acquiring treated soybean seeds is explained by the evolution of the type and products used in the seed treatment, as well as, the biotechnological advances of the sector.