A inclusão de alunos com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (Síndrome de Asperger): uma proposta para o ensino de Química

Abstract

The discussion about inclusion is not recent, but it is necessary to analyze what we mean by inclusive education and who are the subjects of it, since in spite of the fact that legislation is consistent in this sense, the ways to its concreteness are still uncertain. The questions about the subject arose during the graduation in the course of Degree in Chemistry of the Federal University of Pelotas and caused that it developed the first research in the subject. With the results and the restlessness originated from this research, a new path was started in the teacher training, which is the professional master's degree in the Graduate Program in Teaching Sciences and Mathematics of the Federal University of Pelotas. Knowing the historical process of inclusion, the laws that govern it, the training of teachers, the needs of the public schools of the city of Pelotas and the Autism Spectrum Disorders (TEA), more specifically Asperger's Syndrome, , some of the processes carried out during the elaboration of this dissertation. Thus, this work demonstrates the paths covered by the author, the strategies planned for the development of materials adapted for the teaching of Chemistry for students who present ASD and also the path trajectory, aiming at understanding the learning processes of students with ASD - Asperger's syndrome. Through the partnership with the teachers of the classroom and the Specialized Educational Assistance room, it was possible to elaborate adapted resources, applied in both the ESA room and the inclusive room. The proposal is based on studies that address Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), the inclusion of students with disabilities in regular school, the teaching of chemistry and the understanding of learning processes. In order to reach the objectives, the research was developed in a qualitative approach, through the methodology of Case Study, thus allowing a greater contact of the researcher with the researched ones and the application of the proposals elaborated in a collaborative way. The data were analyzed in a descriptive way, whose results showed that the use of the resources made possible the inclusion of the Asperger students, besides providing the beginning of a collaborative work between classroom teachers and the resource room teacher. As a final product of the professional master's degree, a digital guide was elaborated which described the legislation for the inclusion and characterization of individuals with Asperger's Syndrome in addition to the resources for the teaching of Chemistry used during the master's degree, in order to be element of support to teachers, to be distributed in the schools of the network