Recobrimento de sementes de feijão com agrominerais: qualidade fisiológica e desempenho de plantas

Abstract

Seeds are one of the most important inputs in agriculture. An important point to maintain its quality and vigor is storage. Seed treatment is an ancient and widely used technique for this purpose. As a treatment alternative, coating with agrominerals appears. They have multielement composition and slow solubilization to provide nutrients beyond the coating to form a protective layer on the seed. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of agrominerals on the physiological quality of the seeds during storage and on the performance of the plants in the field. The agrominerals basalt, granodiorite and natural phosphate were used. The seeds were coated with the three agrominerals separately and a fourth treatment consisted of the mixture of basalt and natural phosphate at doses of 4000, 8000 and 12000 g.1000 kg -1 seed and a treatment without coating. To evaluate the quality of the seeds, germination, accelerated aging, seedling length, emergence and emergency speed index tests were performed. For the effect on the performance of plants, experiments were carried out in Capão do Leão and Encruzilhada do Sul and evaluated plant height, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pods and yield of grains. The seed coatings with the agrominerals did not affect the physiological quality of the seeds during the storage and maintained at levels close to those of the non-stored seeds, mainly in the doses of 4000 and 8000g.kg-1 of seeds. It also had a positive effect on the performance of the plants in the field, including grain yield, with a higher yield in the natural phosphate treatment at the two growing sites.