Superação de dormência e produção de mudas de Anacauíta Schinus molle L.

Abstract

Anacauita (Schinus molle L.) is arborea, native species in a Rio Grande do Sul small pioneer with ecological, biochemical and pharmacological importance, but its seeds present dormancy , a fact that hinders the production of seedlings on a commercial scale. This study aimed at evaluating methods of overcoming seed dormancy of S. molle of a batch of 15 months of storage in dry cold chamber and 5% germination when undergoing treatment to overcome dormancy with sulfuric acid for 160 minutes, using different times mechanical scarification (150, 300, 450 and 600 seconds) in electric scarifier equipped with 80 grit sandpaper. Treatment of 150 seconds of mechanical scarification showed higher germination percentage (61%), fewer dead seeds and abnormal seedlings, imbibition largest and most emergency velocity index (2.28). For the production of seedlings of this species were tested two volumes of tubes (100 and 175 mL) and four levels of fertilizer controlled release fertilizer (CRF) Osmocote Plus in 2 x 4 factorial experiment. Nutrient levels were CRF zero, four, eight and twelve grams per liter of substrate. The results regarding the growth parameters and quality seedlings, which were assessed height, stem diameter, number of leaves, height / stem diameter, root dry mass, dry mass of shoots, total dry matter, dry weight ratio of shoot and root dry mass, root volume, Dickson quality index, chlorophyll index, chlorophyll content a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids over 120 days after seedling emergence, revealed that the plastic tube 175 ml and the dose of CRF eight grams per liter substrate was superior to the other treatments for producing seedlings of high quality anacauita.