Capacidade de combinação de genitores, parâmetros genéticos de aparência e de rendimento de tubérculos e características de qualidade funcional e industrial de clones de batata

Abstract

Colored fleshed potatoes contain high concentrations of antioxidants, including phenolic acids, anthocyanins and carotenoids. These phytochemicals have therapeutic effects and promoters of human health, playing a key role in the prevention and/or treatment of chronic diseases. The growing interest in the health benefits acquired through food has contributed to increase consumption of these "special" potatoes and growth of a specialized market. In order to meet the demand of this market niche, the development of colored fleshed varieties is essential, and for a fast progress it is fundamental the correct parental choice and efficient selection procedures. In this sense, three studies were developed. The first aimed to estimate combining ability of colored fleshed and cream and light yellow fleshed potato clones in the external and internal tuber appearance, and tuber yield. Eight segregating potato families were evaluated using a partial diallel design (3x3). It was verified that there is a predominance of additive effects of genes in the control of tuber appearance and yield traits. The second study aimed to estimate genetic parameters of tuber external and internal appearance and yield traits, and their implications on selection, in a hybrid population consisting of 12 segregating families for flesh color. The results suggest that a high pressure of selection can be applied to the traits color of the skin, predominant color of the flesh, secondary color of the flesh and distribution of secondary color, and mild to moderate selection for bud depth, shape and overall appearance of tuber, in the first clonal generation. The third study aimed to characterize 12 colored flesh potato clones as to the concentration of bioactive compounds, processing quality traits and tuber yield. Clones C2715-01-09, C2721-22-09 and C2743-01-09 present high concentrations of bioactive compounds and high antioxidant capacity, besides good processing quality traits and good yield potential. The clone C2743-09-09 is the most productive and has frying attributes, but presents lower levels of bioactive compounds, and medium antioxidant activity.