Resposta de sementes de cultivares de soja armazenadas em diferentes condições de ambiente

Abstract

Soybeans produced in a crop can be stored for periods of up to 180 days, awaiting the most adequate sowing period. Therefore, it is of fundamental importance that its quality is maintained during this storage period. For this purpose, temperature-controlled environments have been employed in order to delay seed deterioration. The present research had as objective to compare the physiological performance of seeds of three soybean cultivars stored in a cold room (controlled environment) and at room temperature. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Perdizes - MG, Brazil, from July to October 2016. Soybean seeds of cultivars AS3730 IPRO, supercritical maturation group, M7739 IPRO, medium maturation group and M8372 IPRO, maturation group late. The seeds were harvested from March to April, with a moisture content of 13%. Next, they were benefited, separated in batches and the initial quality determined by the determination of humidity, germination and accelerated aging. After 60 days of cooling, the experiment was started under different storage conditions: a) storage in an uncontrolled environment, shed without cooling; b) Storage under controlled conditions, in a cold room with a temperature of 12 ° C. Four collections were done over 120 days, at regular intervals of 30 days, to determine the humidity, germination and accelerated aging. It was concluded that environments with temperatures of 12 ° C preserved the germination of soybean seeds for up to 120 days of storage, but are not sufficient to maintain vigor if the relative humidity is not controlled. The late cycle cultivar, although presenting germination similar to those of the early and medium cycle, showed inferior vigor performance, which was reflected in its storage potential.