Desenvolvimento fenológico e poda de desponte associado ao uso de biofertilizantes no crescimento de nogueiras-pecã

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to monitor the phenological development of two cultivars of pecan tree (Barton and Shawnee) and to evaluate the tipping off effect of plants from Barton cultivar, associated with the use of biofertilizers in growth, in an orchard located in the south of the country. The experiment was conducted in a rural property, located in the municipality of Morro Redondo-RS. The study was conducted between July 2017 and September 2018. In experiment 1,with plants of the cultivar Barton, the treatments consisted of:T1 was constituted by a group of control plants; T2 application of supermagro biofertilizer; T3 execution of tipping off, and T4 execution of tipping off and application of supermagro biofertilizer. Experiment 2 was constituted of Barton and Shawnee pecan tree cultivars in which were performed the evaluations of phenological stages due to cardinal orientation. The practice of tipping off in the formation pruning of pecan tree promoted a greater plant growth in relation to height, graft diameter, stimulation in time of budburst, and increase in the number of leaves. The use of supermagro biofertilizers stimulated the height increase of the plant height and foliar nutrient content.In addition, the practice of tipping off along with the use of supermagro biofertilizer provided a faster initial development. According to the results of experiment 2, it was observed that Barton cultivar had a greater development in the branches length in the south quadrant, with an average of 80.54 cm. In addition, presented a greater development in the graft diameter when compared to Shawnee cultivar. In relation to the quadrants, the period of branches growth was shorter in the West quadrant and higher in South, regardless the cultivar. Besides, it can be observed that the phenological stages of both cultivars matched the same period of development.