Classificação de frutos, emergência de plântulas e isolamento de DNA genômico de Erythrina crista-galli L. (FABACEAE)

Abstract

Erythrina crista-galli L. (Fabaceae), known in Rio Grande do Sul by corticeira-do-banhado, is a natural tree of Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, eastern Bolivia and Argentina. It is found in marshy or swampy lowlands, very frequent in formations of galleries forests and is cultivated for ornamental purposes and restoration of natural environments. This species undergoes significant insect damage in their seeds and unaware efficient methodologies for isolating genomic DNA applied to the species. The work was developed in the region of the state campaign, involving the city of Bagé, Aceguá, Dom Pedrito and Hulha Negra, RS. Emergence tests between sand grains obtained from different types of fruit were performed to assess the potential of these types of emergency, the damage level and its effect on the emergence of seeds. The work also tested two protocols for DNA isolation and three sources of material (frozen fresh leaves, dried leaves and vascular cambium frozen) and the RAPD technique was used to evaluate the protocol tested using five primers. Test results showed that seeds from all kinds of fruits can emerge even with marked differences in moisture content or with different levels of insect damage. Young plants from seeds damaged by insects, however, have less vigor and size during the study period. Success was obtained in isolating DNA from dried leaves, however protocols were not very effective in removing samples of polysaccharides work. The volumes of samples of polysaccharides present in higher levels in relation to the standard curve of the spectrophotometer, seem to have influenced the amplification of DNA fragments with molecular markers, which requires optimization of the protocol tested in order to improve the quality of the isolated DNA.