Variáveis que devem ser consideradas nos projetos de requalificação urbana em parques lineares: o caso do Parque Itaimbé, em Santa Maria/RS.

Abstract

Linear parks are adopted in urban renewal projects to solve the resulting problems of urban density because they are considered a sustainable measure of use and occupation of the city, protected areas and restoration of ecosystems, aid to the storm water drainage and improve quality of life of people living in cities. However, the lack of commitment of the government leads to a devaluation of these environments, and the neglect of infrastructure, lack of care for the public good by the goer makes requalification performed in the parks do not have positive long-term effects . So the questions arise: Will users and government representatives recognize the socio-cultural and environmental importance of linear parks to citizens and the city? Which variables to consider when upgrading these parks to promote the social use and minimization of vandalism? It was defined as a case study the Itaimbé Park, located in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In the methodology, the methods were used: analysis of primary and secondary sources of the park; Analysis of the redevelopment projects ever carried out in the park; physical survey of the park; integration of maps and visibility of the park's paths; behavioral maps; maintenance of maps of areas of the park and interviews. The analyzes carried out in the study have shown they are good tools for urban regeneration processes in these areas because they help the architect and urban planner to understand that projective principles adopted - the chosen forms, their disposition, their relationships - can have negative consequences, such as creating spaces that do not fit the needs of users and consequently generate idle areas that do not promote the social use and increase the occurrence of unlawful behavior by users, such as vandalism. Regarding the socio-cultural and environmental functions, it was found that the park's implementation project did not meet environmental functions and the current upgrading processes not fully meet the social, cultural and environmental functions as well as the vast majority of users interviewed did not recognize functions environmental. Regarding the variables to be considered during the process of rehabilitation, contacted the variables as: the degree of integration and segregation of park paths; the visibility of the park's paths; the degree of maintenance of recreational areas of the park and the socio-cultural and environmental value that users attach to the park. Seen it, it is considered that the users of the park reclassified recognized environmental functions, the greater the commitment of the population with the maintenance of the place. Therefore, it was found that there is a big gap between research in academia in environment-behavior area with professional practice in the Brazilian context, a situation that influences the quality of urban parks offered to the population, the main problems the lack of objective projective guidelines the absence of public redevelopment policies, disregard the relationship of public space with its surroundings and the lack of user participation in decision-making on projects.