Comparação de elementos ambientais na gestão de cidades portuárias

Abstract

Coastal zones are of great importance to the health of the oceans and are areas that concentrate a large part of the world's population. As a result, due to their favorable position for the movement of people and the international maritime market, these areas are highly explored and impacted in negative ways such as: exploitation of natural resources, large production of waste originated from human actions and maritime and terrestrial contamination. Thus, the environmental management of coastal areas and efficient port management, combined with sustainable actions, are of paramount importance for all actors responsible for some aspect that seeks solutions to potentially polluting issues such as sanitation and energy generation, for example. Thus, this work aims to observe world coastal zones and port areas, to understand the reality of the region's environment, the perceived impacts on the environment of the cities where these ports are located. Observing the environmental norms and laws that govern the region, with the intention of identifying good practices so that they can serve, who knows, as a model, parameter, or example, which can be adopted by other regions. To obtain an overview, the continents were chosen as the starting point of the research with all the characteristics of each one. To obtain an overview, the continents were chosen as the starting point of the research with all the characteristics of each one. Through the HDI calculated by the UN and published through a ranking of all the countries in the world, the countries with the best HDI of each continent were chosen and from these countries the cities where the most important ports in the country are located were chosen. Thus, funneling the information until we reach the port regions and coastal areas. The port cities were chosen for being public knowledge, the negative impacts that the activities of the sector generate, in the performance of their functions. For this, different methodologies are being used. As it is a qualitative work, the exploratory and explanatory research methodology was used, research with mixed methods approaches such as qualitative and quantitative methods and also the documentary procedure, to obtain information on environmental problems, economic and social issues, extension of the area coastal area, and sanitation percentage, in addition to understanding the impact of public policies to which the chosen cities are subject, in relation to the environment, coastal management, quality of life, energy sources and sustainability. The results found confirmed that the countries with the highest HDI in the survey were also the most committed to the quality of life of their inhabitants, who invest in basic sanitation, resilience, and sustainability, that is, development based on environmental awareness and its importance. for the world and that its examples can be replicated, with adaptations for each reality, for all other countries.