Tatamento e recobrimento de sementes de soja com polímeros líquido e em pó

Abstract

Seed coating is a strong technology for soybean seeds, bringing great advantages to the farmers, allowing the application of polymers in an appropriate and necessary way to cover the seed. The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of seed coating and the quality of soybean seeds treated with fungicide, insecticide, micronutrients and polymers, during six months of storage. Soybean seeds cultivar CD 209 were submitted to the following treatments: control, fungicide Fludioxonil + Metalaxyl - M (Maxim XL® - 100 mL.100 kg-1 seeds), insecticide Thiametoxan (Cruiser 350 FS® - 200 mL.100 kg-1 seeds), micronutrient ComoFix® (165 mL.100 kg-1 seeds - 24,75 mL Mo and 2,475 mL Co) and the mixture fungicide + insecticide + micronutrient. The same treatments were repeated using the liquid polymer Sepiret 9241 B Green (400 mL.100 kg-1 seed) and also powder polymer Sepiret Flo Branco (0,5 kg.100 kg-1 seeds) + colorant Corasem blue (50 mL.100 kg-1 seeds). Coating efficiency and physical and physiological seed quality in laboratory and seedling performance in the field were evaluated. It was concluded that: the use of polymer in seed coating presents seeds with good appearance, coloration, distribution and adherence of the products to the seed surface; uniformity of product distribution during seed treatment varies with the interaction between product and type of polymer used. Coating with liquid polymer is more efficient in soybean seeds. The use of polymers alters the hectolitre volumetric weight not affecting the physiologic quality. The powder polymer presents adverse latent effects after the storage of the seeds. The polymer should not be used separately in the treatment of seeds.