La disciplina crítica de los saberes como espacio filosófico: una fundamentación a partir de Theodor Adorno

Abstract

The present work aims at arguing and questioning from T. Adorno s perspective the possible contributions of the discipline Critique of Knowledge in Uruguayan High Secondary Education, to the development of autonomy in moral conscience. This topic is expressed in three chapters, which are the result of a theoretical-documentary research, accompanied by classroom experience data. In the first one, the characteristics of this educational philosophical space are made explicit, from T. Adorno s view. This philosopher sees philosophy as a self-directed process which provides a whole perception of reality, on the basis of a critical understanding of the present historical situation we are immersed in. In this context, education commits itself to the well-being of humanity as it seeks to overcome barbarism its fundamental objective. This implies encouraging a critical thinking attitude which will contribute to autonomy or majority of an individual. In the second chapter, the aim is to know the net of relations in which Critique of Knowledge is situated, which in a given time justifies its necessity and function within the new curriculum, as it is stated in Transformation of High Secondary Education in Uruguay (T.E.M.S). Critique of Knowledge is a discipline which is present in all majors in High Secondary Education (E.M.S.) and one that intends to present a critical view on the already established fields of knowledge and once they are improved in the process of rational reconstruction, promote a new model of integration and articulation. In the last chapter, reflection is made upon classroom experience during Critique of Knowledge instruction, considering the possible contributions in search of autonomy in students moral conscience, as well as in teachers . Finally, the main conclusions deal with two realities that fit together into a coherent whole. As a first aspect, it is verified that the foundations provided to Critique of Knowledge by Uruguayan educational organisms are very closely related with Adorno s theory. Furthermore, as a counterpart aspect, it is shown that classroom practices developed in that discipline are very well adjusted to those theoretical references.