Gestão nas universidades públicas federais: intensidades democráticas em análise

Abstract

This research aims to understand the different forms of management undertaken by Brazilian federal public Universities, more specifically in terms of democratic experiences, considering that they constitute principles of national public education, enshrined in the Federal Constitution of 1988. Furthermore, in the last decades if the government policies aimed at expanding access and permanence to higher education are evident, either through new forms of entry or through the restructuring of the higher education system, increasing the number of vacancies, courses, shifts, institutions, providing new curricular designs and academic paths, greatly expanding educational opportunities and significantly transforming the internal configuration of institutions.In this sense, and more precisely at a time when national policy takes very different directions from the previous one, with serious risks to the maintenance of public institutions, it became necessary to bring to light efforts to reduce inequalities, guaranteeing rights and the radicalization of democracy in education and in different social spaces. In order to gather the elements necessary for this research, he worked with a qualitative-descriptive methodology, having the form of management as the unit of analysis. Thus, documents used as management tools can be grouped together, such as the institutional development plan, the institutional pedagogical project, the management report, in addition to the analysis of spaces and instruments for participation and relationship with the internal and external community. Then, a content analysis was performed to verify the research findings in five federal universities, one from each region of the country. It should be noted that this is not a comparative analysis, but an investigation in relation to management processes. Thus, the most democratic forms were emphasized, which resulted in the construction of theoretical and practical references to public management. Concentrating the theorization of analysis in Wood (2011), Santos (2005, 2008, 2013), Apple (2000), it can be understood that the management of universities suffered / suffer several crossings from the private sector, based on the capitalist project and competitive. It was identified that universities have on their boards plural and democratic instruments for the exercise of shared management. And, notoriously, the public policies of the federal government in the Lula and Dilma Rousseff administrations were fundamental for the democratization of Federal Universities, made a contribution to the organization of a process against hegemony in Brazil.