Beneficiamento de sementes de Paspalum urvillei

Abstract

Paspalum urvillei is a summer forage plant, native to Brazil with good palatability and widely spread throughout the southern territory of the country, offering abundant and well-established pastures. Its seeds, despite being numerous, are extremely small and hairy, which makes it difficult to sow mechanically. In order to facilitate the dispersion of seeds for sowing, processing was carried out through chemical scarification with sulfuric acid, selection of seeds using a blower and coating of seeds with different materials, such as talc, kaolin, activated carbon and diatomaceous earth. Through the tetrazolium test, it was possible to verify that there were almost 40% of unfeasible or empty seeds in the batch, after processing this value increased to 8%. After processing, the seeds were covered, obtaining 8 treatments: T – Control, seeds without scarification or processing; E – Seeds partially benefited through chemical scarification; S – Seeds scarified and benefited by blower;: Portion of heavy seeds after chemical scarification and blower; A – 50%Talc:30%Diatomaceous Earth:20%Kaolin; Ap – 50%Talc:30%Earth:20%Kaolin + Film; B – 50%Talc:20%Activated carbon:5%Kaolin:5%Diatomaceous earth; BP – 50%Talc:20%Activated Charcoal:5%Kaolin:5%Diatomaceous Earth + Film; C – 50%Diatomaceous earth:50%TalcA – 5Talc:3Diatomaceous earth:2Kaolin; Ap - 5Talc:3Earth:2Kaolin+Pelliculization; B – 5Talc:2Activated carbon:1/2Kaolin: 1/2Diatomaceous earth; Bp – 5Talc:2Activated carbon:1/2Kaolin: 1/2Diatomaceous earth+Coating; C – 1Diatomaceous earth:1Talc. Seeds without treatment (T) had the lowest values for germination, IVG, number of plants emerged per linear meter and seedling height in the field. After scarification and processing, the germination value increased in the tests with ideal conditions, that is, in the laboratory tests, but when these seeds were in environments with adverse conditions, the emergence value was lower than the coated seeds.