Características agronômicas, produtividade e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Crambe produzidas em diferentes épocas de semeadura em terras baixas

Abstract

The crambe crop presents great possibilities for bioenergetic production in Brazil, due to the high content and quality of the oil produced by it, in addition to offering a profitable option for crop rotation in autumn and winter. In this context, the objective of the first work was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics and the productivity of Crambe in lowland conditions, in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, in four seasons and sowing; and the second, to verify the quality of the seeds produced in these same conditions, according to their physical and physiological quality. The experiments consisted of 16 treatments each, being four seed lots and four sowing dates, both used a randomized block design in a factorial scheme (4 x 4), with four replications. When the plants of each sowing season reached physiological maturity, morphological evaluations were carried out on the harvested plants, such as height, diameter, number of branches, seeds per plant and seed yield. of germination, first germination count, seedling emergence, abnormal seedlings, dead seeds, weight of a thousand seeds and volumetric weight of the seeds. We can conclude that the first sowing season (June 13) is the most suitable for crambe cultivation in lowland conditions in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, as it presented the highest productivity, with an average of more than 3000 kg of seeds per hectare. The seeds produced in the sowings of the 13th of June and 16th of July (the first two sowing times) presented an average germination of 91% and seedling emergence in an average of 84%, thus, the most suitable times to sow the crop of crambe and harvest better quality seeds under the conditions of the study.