Efeito probiótico de Lactococcus lactis na prevenção e no tratamento de doenças inflamatórias intestinais em camundongos: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

In Brazil, inflammatory bowel diseases affect approximately 10 to 27 individuals per 100 thousand inhabitants. These pathologies are caused by the interaction of genetic factors, microbiota, and intestinal mucosal immunoregulation. The beneficial effect of lactic acid bacteria as probiotics on the intestinal environment has been studied by many researchers since the active metabolites released by these probiotic bacteria in intestinal transit can permeate the intestinal layer to exert anti-inflammatory effects, and stabilize the mucus layer and help the intestinal epithelium to heal. Experimental and observational studies demonstrate that Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis) bacteria can create and maintain an anti-inflammatory environment in the gastrointestinal tract and, thus, effectively reduce the onset of inflammation in diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. So, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the probiotic effect of the lactic acid bacteria L. lactis in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases through a systematic review of the literature. The databases used were Cochrane Library and PubMed, and the descriptors used were L. lactis, Inflammatory bowel disease, Prevention, Treatment, Crohn's disease, Ulcerative Retocolitis, and Acid Lactic Bacteria. In total, 3.320 articles were found, of which only six were included in the review. According to the results, it is possible to suggest that this species of lactic acid bacteria can help in treating and treating intestinal modulation of animals with Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease. The present study suggests a possible alternative to the treatment and modulation of inflammatory bowel diseases in humans in such a way that the bacterium under study, L. lactis, can able to assist in the remission of symptoms and, consequently, provide a better quality of life for patients affected by these diseases. More experimental studies are needed to confirm the findings.