Percepção de agricultores familiares em relação às mudanças climáticas e estratégias de adaptação no município de Pelotas RS, Brasil

Abstract

This study aims to understand and analyze the perception of family farmers regarding climate change in the municipality of Pelotas, RS, Brazil, as well as to evaluate the adaptation strategies implemented by these producers. The research also seeks to identify the impacts of climate change on the main agricultural activities in the region, and to analyze the characteristics of the most affected establishments. To achieve these objectives, a qualitative and quantitative approach was used, through interviews with family farmers to gather information on their level of knowledge about climate change, the effects perceived on crops, and the adaptation practices implemented. The results indicated that most farmers have limited knowledge about climate change, which may hinder the implementation of effective adaptation strategies. Regarding impacts, 62.5% of 80 farmers reported a significant decrease in productivity due to climate change, mainly because of variations in rainfall and increased temperatures. Adaptation strategies implemented were mostly incremental, such as crop rotation and soil coverage with straw, with more advanced practices like no-till farming and agroforestry systems being rarely applied. The research concludes that, although some adaptation measures are being implemented, there is an urgent need for training and technical support to promote the adoption of more effective practices, ensuring greater resilience of family agriculture in Pelotas to climate challenges.