Qualidade do solo em áreas sob cultivo de videira em propriedades agrícolas familiares no município de Pelotas - RS

Abstract

This study was conducted in four family vineyards located in the municipality of Pelotas, in the South Territory of the Rio Grande do Sul state. The aim of this study was to construct a diagnosis based on the analysis of soil quality indicators, leaf and fruit on family farms grape producers. This diagnosis was based on a descriptive research which will contribute to the establishment of a model for further study on the dynamics of physical, chemical and (micro) biological indicators in the soil-plant-fruit system. The indicators used were: bulk density, total porosity, microporosity, macroporosity, mean weight diameter of aggregates, pH, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, macronutrients (K, P, Ca, Mg, Al), micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and B) ratio of mites/springtails, Shannon Index, number of earthworms, soil basal respiration, microbial biomass carbon, leaf analysis macronutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) and micronutrients (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn) and physical-chemical analysis of fruit (°Brix, acidity, ratio, pH, anthocyanins, antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds), which were measured by laboratory analysis. With the data interpretation was possible to verify that the soil physical indicators present adequate physical conditions. With respect to chemical indicators the vineyards evaluated have adequate soil fertility, but regarding the biological conditions (meso and macrofauna) the results were below the considered ideal. Taking into account the foliar analysis, the vineyards present adequate nutritional status. Lastly, the fruit physical and chemical indicators present expected parameters for this cultivar.