Implicações das estratégias de seleção na obtenção de genótipos superiores de aveia branca

Abstract

Oat is a culture of particular importance to the Brazilian farming systems, with greater economic importance in the southern region. Among the multiple purposes, stands out in the production of excellent quality grain for human consumption. Constants works of breeding and phytotechnical research has enabled the growth of the importance of this cereal. The greatest challenges are to improve the development of cultivars with wide adaptation, which efficiently respond in different environments. The selection of promising genotypes is difficult by the complex said source of most agronomically important traits and their interaction with the selection environment. With this, some different strategies should be analyzed to improve the gain in the selection of superior genotypes for various characters, as well as the selection of genotypes with adaptation to the most varied environments. This study proposes to analyze selection strategies applied in early generation and the influence promoted by different selection environments in obtaining genotypes with emphasis on grain yield and industrial quality. Six combinations were used that have undergone initial selection (F2) and grain yield per plant, grain index greater than two millimeters and panicle weight. Formed 24 bulks, which were conducted for three years in Capão do Leão - RS and Augusto Pestana - RS. Later in the generation F7 all bulks were conducted in Capão do Leão - RS, totaling 48 bulks, in addition to parents and commercial checks. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications. The selections via panicle weight and grain yield per plant are efficient, but must match the grain index, to raise industrial quality. Complementary genotypes are more effective in achieving superior recombinant regardless of selection environment. The mass character of panicle and mass of hectoliter are promising for the initial selection, however, must be coupled with the grain index, peel index and number of grains per panicle to improve industrial capability.