Perfil sanguíneo, estresse oxidativo e desempenho alimentar de camundongos Swiss suplementados com Pichia pastoris e imunossuprimidos com ciclofosfamida

Abstract

Of systemic action, chemotherapy is one of the main therapies for cancer treatment, with cyclophosphamide (CF) being the most used antineoplastic. However, due to its toxic action, numerous side effects such as immunosuppression, alteration of parameters of oxidative stress, hepatotoxicity and weight loss are associated with the drug. The administration of probiotics as an alternative in the modulation of the immune system and promotion of the improvement in these parameters has been studied. Pichia pastoris yeast is commonly used to produce recombinant proteins on a large scale, and some studies have shown that this yeast has probiotic properties. However, its effect on immunosuppression and oxidative stress induced by treatment with CF have not been evaluated. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with P. pastoris on blood profile, oxidative stress and feed performance in a model of immunosuppression induced by CF chemotherapy in Swiss mice. To that end, 30 Swiss male mice with 28 days of age were segregated into four groups: control group; (a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight on day 13 and another dose of 100 mg/kg body weight on day 16 of the study); group supplemented daily with 108 CFU / animal of P. pastoris per gavage, from 12 days before immunosuppression until the end of the study; and immunosuppressed CF group and supplemented with yeast. The complete blood count, renal marker, lipid profile, glucose, oxidative stress, histopathology, weight variation and food consumption were analyzed, being considered a significance level of 5% (p <0.05). Besides safe yeast supplementation, it significantly avoided leukopenia and neutropenia, signaled improvement in erythrogram parameters and lymphocyte counts, reduced lipid peroxidation and the occurrence of kidney damage, reduced oxidative stress in the brain, and improved feed conversion ratio in the group receiving the drug. And in healthy animals, in addition to being safe, it was significantly beneficial in food efficiency, increased leukogram and erythrogram, and in the reduction of lipid peroxidation in the kidneys and encephalon. It is concluded that yeast presents probiotic properties and is safe for administration in healthy and immunosuppressed animals.