Fatores associado ao consumo de bebidas alcoólicas durante a gestação, Coorte Rio, RJ.

Abstract

Introduction: Alcohol is considered a risk factor for chronic noncommunicable diseases, and its consumption is increasing every year worldwide among men, women and even pregnant women. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of alcohol consumption in the pre and gestational period and the factors associated with drinking in a cohort of pregnant women followed at a public health center. Methods: The study was conducted using data from a prospective cohort of pregnant women undergoing prenatal care at a public health center in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were collected from November 2009 to October 2011, in the three trimesters of pregnancy with each pregnant woman. To participate in the study the pregnant woman should be between the 5th and 13th gestational week; not have twin pregnancy; being between 20 and 40 years old; absent of infectious/chronic diseases; perform prenatal care at the study unit. Standardized instruments were applied to collect data on demographic, socioeconomic, anthropometric data, lifestyle, mental health and social support. Descriptive analyzes were performed to estimate the prevalence of alcohol consumption. The association of independent variables was tested using longitudinal logistic regression analysis. Results: Alcohol consumption was 74.1% in the pregestational period, 20.1% in the first, 22.6% in the second and 15.5% in the third trimesters. The type of alcohol drinking most frequently consumed was beer/chopp with a median weekly volume (ml) of 89 (95% CI 83.2-93.0). Smoking habit, income, parity and social support were associated with alcohol consumption. Conclusion: The study highlights the need to address the alcohol consumption in familiar planning program and prenatal assistance. Health professionals need to provide a broader and preventive intervention, including the associated factors associated to alcohol consumption.