Cana-de-açúcar na produção de energia e forragem

Abstract

Sugarcane is one of the most prominent crops in the world, since it has great economic, social and environmental importance. The species also stands out on the national scene in the production of sugar, ethanol and energy through cogeneration. In Rio Grande do Sul, the culture is associated with small rural properties in the manufacture of artisanal products and cattle raising, as forage it aims to supply the demand for roughage for the herds during periods of scarcity of pastures and guarantee productive stability. In this context, the present study aimed to identify sugarcane genotypes with potential for energy generation and forage production. For this, 18 sugarcane genotypes were characterized in a first ratoon cycle, at the experimental station of Embrapa Clima Temperado, in Pelotas-RS. Chemical composition, productive performance, energy yields (first and second generation ethanol), energy cogeneration, silage production and the use of bacterial inoculants were evaluated. Based on the productive performance and chemical composition, the genotypes PRBIO435, RB106819, PRBIO407, RB106814, RB106822, RB106818, RB867515 and RB966928 are more promising for the production of sugar and first-generation ethanol; PRBIO435 and PRBIO407 with greater potential for second generation ethanol production and energy cogeneration, while RB106819 and RB106822 are the most promising for forage production. Regarding the production of silage without inoculant, the genotypes PRBIO354, PRBIO407 and RB106807 are the most promising. The bacterial inoculants used are efficient in reducing dry matter losses and increasing the aerobic stability of sugarcane silages.