Avaliação agronômica de seleções avançadas de morangueiros de dias curtos

Abstract

The strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) is a species belonging to the 'group called small fruits', with production destined for both fresh consumption and the food industry. The profile of strawberry varieties grown in Brazil is imported and the respective varieties are mostly American. In this way, Embrapa has been developing technologies to reduce dependence on foreign genetics and improve the production system. The objective of this work was to evaluate the quantitative (number of fruits per plant, production, average fruit mass and firmness) and qualitative parameters (color, soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity and chemical compounds) of advanced selections of the genetic improvement program of strawberry from Embrapa Clima Temperado, in the conventional system and in substrate. The experiments were carried out in the years 2020 and 2021 in two different locations, they were conducted on a rural property and in a greenhouse belonging to Embrapa Clima Temperado, located in the municipality of Pelotas/RS. Most of the selections tested showed precocity in fruit production. Selections 04-03, 33-02 and 35-25 presented the highest yields among the selections studied and the largest fruit sizes. Selections 35-02 and 35-12 showed high concentrations of soluble solids. Selections 35-02, 31-09 and cultivar Camarosa showed one of the highest levels of anthocyanins in the conventional system. Selections 04-03, 31-09, 32-05 and the cultivar Fronteras presented the highest yields and the highest averages for fruit mass. Selections 35-22, 35-12, 32-05, 35-02 and 35-06 showed high flesh firmness. Selection 35-12 and cultivar Camarosa showed higher values of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity, the latter together with cultivar Fronteras. Selection 31-09 and cultivar Camarosa showed the highest values of anthocyanins in the substrate system.