Avaliação da cromatografia de Pfeiffer como ferramenta para interpretação da qualidade do solo

Abstract

With the growing increase in demand and studies of production methods with low environmental impact, it is necessary to study alternatives that support both the increase in productivity and the conservation and preservation of the environment. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of Pfeiffer chromatography as an indicator of the biological quality of the soil for cassava cultivation, in addition to monitoring Pfeiffer chromatography standards in cassava cultivation, analyzing the biological activity of the soil at different stages of development of crops and management practices. In short, to correlate Pfeiffer chromatography patterns with biological, physical and chemical soil attributes in ecologically based production systems. The work was carried out between March and April 2021, in the experimental areas and laboratories of the Cascata Experimental Station, Embrapa Clima Temperado, in Pelotas/RS. To evaluate the diversity of the edaphic fauna, the Provid method was used, and for the feeding activity, it was evaluated using baitslides. depth, the chromatography followed the same methodology described by Rivera and Pinheiro. Four areas were analyzed, two of which were organic cassava plantations and two adjacent forest areas. Four samples were collected per area, totaling sixteen samples. Subsequently, an interpretation key was applied from the visual characteristics of the chromas, in the same way Pearson's correlation test was used for the sixteen samples and the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil, as well as the richness and abundance of the edaphic fauna. For the ecological data, a total of 4536 organisms were collected in the cassava and forest areas, making it possible to classify them into 18 different groups. The orders Collembola and Diptera were the groups that predominated in both areas, corresponding respectively to 54.92% and 27.38%. Through Pearson's correlation it was possible to verify that clay, organic matter and phosphorus were the soil characteristics that most influenced the zones of the chromatograms. Finally, using Pfeffer's chromatography technique, it can be seen that despite the ecological indices being close to chromatography, it was the best tool to distinguish each environment based on its particularities.