Eficiência em educação profissional, científica e tecnológica: um estudo sobre os Institutos Federais brasileiros

Abstract

The literature has shown that it is usual that the Public Administration, which includes the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology, object of this study, operate its activities through scarce financial resources. On the other hand, it is necessary that public money be managed in such a way that the services provided by public institutions are efficient, performing as much as possible from the available inputs. In view of this, the general objective of this study is to investigate the efficiency level of the Brazilian Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology. Therefore, the methodology adopted was the Data Envelopment Analysis with the purpose of measuring the efficiency level of the studied units. In addition, econometric tests were used, among them the Granger causality test, as a way to prove the relationship between the input and output variables used in the efficiency analysis. The results of the Granger causality tests show that there is a causal flow between the variables considered as inputs in this paper (new students, investments, other current expenses and total servers) and the variables considered here as outputs (retained students and senior students). . Thus, from the Data Envelopment Analysis, it was concluded that the most efficient institution in 2018 was the Federal Farroupilha Institute (IFFar). On the other hand, regarding the Institutions that did not reach the maximum efficiency score, there was a great diversity among the results found, suggesting the need to take steps to improve their efficiency. To make this possible, the factors that prevented inefficient institutions from achieving efficiency in 2018 were demonstrated on a case-by-case basis to assist decision-making by their managers so that they could become efficient.