Restrição alimentar durante a gestação em camundongos, efeitos sobre o metabolismo e envelhecimento ovariano na prole

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary restriction during gestation in mice on the metabolism and preservation of primordial follicles and ovarian aging in offspring. Fourteen female and seven male C57BL / 6 mice were used. The animals mated at the ratio of one male to two females in the same period in separate cages. Ten days after mating confirmation, females were divided into control group (n = 7) and food restriction group (RA) (n = 7), which received a diet consisting of 50% of what was consumed by the control group the day before. . The pregnant women were subjected to this restricted diet for 10 days. After childbirth and weaning (21 days old), the offspring were separated according to the initial group and received al libitum diet until 3 months of age, where the insulin tolerance test (ITT) was performed. The weight of mice was evaluated every 7 days, from weaning to euthanasia, when the ovaries and adipose tissue were collected. Female weight gain was increased in the RA group after weaning (p <0.0001). This result indicates that the period in which the fetus is developing in the womb is crucial in defining the regulation of signaling pathways that control metabolism and growth during adulthood. There was no difference in ITT compared between groups (p = 0.85). We observed fewer primordial (2740 ± 231 vs 1064 ± 128), transitional (2914 ± 2010 vs 1024 ± 131) follicles (p <0.0001) and total (p <0.0001) follicles in gestational mice than in control mice. respectively. Primary, secondary and tertiary follicles did not differ between groups (p> 0.05). Regarding the weight of adipose tissue, no difference was observed between the groups (p = 0.26). The RA group showed lower DNA damage in primordial follicle oocyte (p = 0.0002), granulosa cells (p = 0.0003) and primary oocyte (p <0.0001). Macrophage infiltration did not differ between groups (p = 0.22). Therefore, AR during pregnancy negatively affected weight gain and the size of offspring ovarian reserve in mice.