Tecendo olhares aos processos coevolutivos estabelecidos pelas famílias agricultoras guardiãs de sementes e o sistema solo

Abstract

The in-situ conservation of plant genetic resources carried out by farming families that are guardians of seeds emerges as an attitude that is related to several processes that provide the construction of more sustainable agroecosystems. In this attitude, in addition to the “inheritance” of the seeds, different thoughts, knowledge, perceptions, senses, feelings that give meaning to the daily attitudes of farmers are inherited. In this aspect, it is estimated that the conservation of creole seeds spreads to the conservation of cultural aspects that are directly interconnected with attitudes, practices, perceptions that are implemented in agroecosystems, on the other hand, agroecosystems can demonstrate by through responses to attitudes implemented by farmers. Processes that are knowledge builders which are a source for the construction of more sustainable agroecosystems. The present work aims to establish and understand the relationships that are established between guardian farmers, their seeds, and the soil system. Based on a qualitative methodology in which semistructured questions and conversations with thinking participants were used as a research technique. The research region comprises the municipalities of Rio Grande and São José do Norte in the State of Rio Grande do Sul and presents a population sample of seven farming families that are guardians of seeds, which were chosen according to the age and quantity of seeds kept. Adaptation of living beings does not occur passively to the environment, living beings forge, sculpt the environment in order to aim for the survival of their species and to do this they seek in their memory perceptions, symbolisms, beliefs, senses, feelings, which build the adoption of certain attitudes, which are inherited from their ancestors and improved through their daily lives and social learning processes, which configures the cultural niche, which gives meaning to the actions that farmers implement in their agroecosystems (agricultural niche) that expresses, shows responses that are perceived by farmers who start to modify their perceptions, senses, symbolism, beliefs, that is, their cultural niche. Oblivious to all this is the soil niche, that is, a hyperspace that undergoes selection pressures caused by the farmers' metabolism, which can feed back the farmers' memory by reflecting the attitudes once adopted through their biocenosis. In the farmers' memory there is a timeline that allows us to correlate the previously mentioned aspects, they perceive and relate those certain agricultural practices can be beneficial for the health and quality of the soil, as well as adopt certain attitudes to improve it, since losing the quality of their soil deprives them of the freedom to plant, care, harvest, store and eat. Farmers realize that through agricultural practices that are more respectful of agroecosystems, there is an increase in the biocenosis of their soils, because of the interaction between the increment of organic matter, carried out through the manure of their animals and the use of land cover plants, carried out by the farmers. their creole seeds.