Direcionadores da adoção da produção agrícola orgânica: uma análise combinatória a partir do censo agropecuário 2017.

Abstract

Given the relevance of Brazil in global agricultural production, the need for increased profitability and considering the environmental impacts caused by an increasing demand for food, the need for innovation with the incorporation of the environmental dimension or eco-innovation arises, becoming a central element in the adaptation of agricultural production systems. To understand what combinations of agricultural eco innovation drivers favor the adoption of organic agricultural production system.. The specific objectives are: a) identify in the literature about the types and drivers associated with ecoinnovation in agricultural production systems; b) identify the combinations of ecoinnovations that favor the adoption of organic agricultural production system. To carry out the research and achieve the established objectives, first the theoretical and conceptual development was carried out, with a literature review on the topic of ecoinnovation and its types in agriculture and drivers of ecoinnovation in agriculture. Three types of agricultural production systems were identified, which are: chemical input-based system, biological input-based system, and biodiversity-based agricultural system. In addition, 10 drivers were identified in the literature review, which may be able to explain the differences in adopting one or another agricultural production system, which are: 1) involvement in external groups or cooperation; 2) information; 3) access to credit; 4) access to market; 5) gender; 6) age; 7) education; 8) farm size; 9) land ownership and 10) the quality of support. To answer the research question; a descriptive and explanatory research will be conducted, which data will come from the Agricultural Census 2017 made available by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. To identify the combinations of drivers associated with each of the types of agricultural systems, the Qualitative Comparative Analysis Method - QCA will be used through the analysis of the conditions that are necessary and sufficient for the result. The results identified that no driver can be defined as necessary, but combinations of internal drivers and also of external drivers sufficient to explain the high proportion of properties that declared organic production in the municipality. In relation to the two configurations of the internal drivers found, these were characterized by containing municipalities that had older property managers, less predominance of men and greater average size of rural establishments. These three characteristics are combined with a lower proportion of establishments with their own land in the municipality or a lower level of schooling of the managers of these establishments. In relation to the three configurations of the internal drivers found, these were characterized as isolated subsistence and interactive subsistence. The group of isolated subsistence municipalities was characterized by having producers with subsistence purposes, less diversity of interaction with external organizations and less access to credit. The group of interactive subsistence municipalities was characterized by greater diversity in external participation with greater diversity of support; greater diversity of support with greater diversity of access to information.